"sweyen" meaning in Middle English

See sweyen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈswæi̯ən/, /swɛi̯/, /swɛ̞ː/ [Northern]
Etymology: Traditionally seen as borrowed from Old Norse sveigja (“to bend”), from Proto-Germanic *swaigijaną; the Gersum Project instead proposes a derivation from Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”), from Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną (see Etymology 2). However, modern Scots and Northern English dialectal forms apparently require a form with Old English /æːj/; therefore, derivation from an Old English *swǣġan (a native cognate to sveigja) is probable. Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|to move}}, {{dercat|enm|gmw-pro|inh=1}}, {{bor+|enm|non|sveigja|nocap=1|t=to bend}} borrowed from Old Norse sveigja (“to bend”), {{der|enm|gem-pro|*swaigijaną}} Proto-Germanic *swaigijaną, {{sup|2}} ², {{inh|enm|ang|swēgan|t=to crash, roar}} Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”), {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*swōgijaną}} Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną, {{der|enm|ang|*swǣġan}} Old English *swǣġan Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|head=}} sweyen, {{enm-verb|stem=swey}} sweyen (third-person singular simple present sweyeth, present participle sweyende, sweyynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle sweyed) Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|swey|y=0}} Forms: sweyeth [present, singular, third-person], sweyende [participle, present], sweyynge [participle, present], sweyed [first-person, indicative, participle, past, singular, third-person], weak [table-tags], sweyen [infinitive], to sweyen [infinitive], sweye [infinitive], sweye [first-person, present, singular], sweyed [first-person, past, singular], sweyede [first-person, past, singular], sweyest [present, second-person, singular], sweyedest [past, second-person, singular], sweyeth [present, singular, third-person], sweyed [past, singular, third-person], sweyede [past, singular, third-person], sweye [present, singular, subjunctive], sweyed [past, singular, subjunctive], sweyede [past, singular, subjunctive], sweye [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], sweyen [plural, present], sweye [plural, present], sweyeden [past, plural], sweyed [past, plural], sweyede [past, plural], sweyeth [imperative, plural, present], sweye [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], sweyynge [participle, present], sweyende [participle, present], sweyed [participle, past], swe [alternative], sweȝe [alternative], swey [alternative], swie [alternative]
  1. To rush, charge, or flow; to quickly move forwards.
    Sense id: en-sweyen-enm-verb-2hAmU-Oz
  2. To fall, sink, or drop; to move down.
    Sense id: en-sweyen-enm-verb-eklwEPmg
  3. (rare) To sway or twist; to move in curves or back and forth. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-sweyen-enm-verb-r15n6ilA Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Gaits Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 23 23 32 22 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 22 24 31 22 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 17 18 49 17 Disambiguation of Gaits: 24 16 50 10
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: /ˈswei̯ən/, /ˈswiːən/, /swei̯/ (note: earlier), /sweː/ [Northern] (note: later)
Etymology: Inherited from Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”), from Proto-West Germanic *swōgijan, from Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną. Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|to sound}}, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|swēgan||to crash, roar|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”), {{inh+|enm|ang|swēgan|t=to crash, roar}} Inherited from Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”), {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*swōgijan}} Proto-West Germanic *swōgijan, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*swōgijaną}} Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|head=}} sweyen, {{enm-verb|stem=swey}} sweyen (third-person singular simple present sweyeth, present participle sweyende, sweyynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle sweyed) Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|swey|y=0}} Forms: sweyeth [present, singular, third-person], sweyende [participle, present], sweyynge [participle, present], sweyed [first-person, indicative, participle, past, singular, third-person], weak [table-tags], sweyen [infinitive], to sweyen [infinitive], sweye [infinitive], sweye [first-person, present, singular], sweyed [first-person, past, singular], sweyede [first-person, past, singular], sweyest [present, second-person, singular], sweyedest [past, second-person, singular], sweyeth [present, singular, third-person], sweyed [past, singular, third-person], sweyede [past, singular, third-person], sweye [present, singular, subjunctive], sweyed [past, singular, subjunctive], sweyede [past, singular, subjunctive], sweye [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], sweyen [plural, present], sweye [plural, present], sweyeden [past, plural], sweyed [past, plural], sweyede [past, plural], sweyeth [imperative, plural, present], sweye [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], sweyynge [participle, present], sweyende [participle, present], sweyed [participle, past], sweiȝen [alternative], sweye [alternative], swie [alternative]
  1. To sound; to make a loud sound.
    Sense id: en-sweyen-enm-verb-hOocCKEG Categories (other): Sound Disambiguation of Sound: 0 0 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "sway"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swey"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swee"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swye"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "suey"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swey"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swee"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swye"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "swey"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swey"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swee"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swye"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "sweye"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "zwae"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "to move"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "sveigja",
        "nocap": "1",
        "t": "to bend"
      },
      "expansion": "borrowed from Old Norse sveigja (“to bend”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*swaigijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swaigijaną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "swēgan",
        "t": "to crash, roar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*swōgijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "*swǣġan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English *swǣġan",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Traditionally seen as borrowed from Old Norse sveigja (“to bend”), from Proto-Germanic *swaigijaną; the Gersum Project instead proposes a derivation from Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”), from Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną (see Etymology 2).\nHowever, modern Scots and Northern English dialectal forms apparently require a form with Old English /æːj/; therefore, derivation from an Old English *swǣġan (a native cognate to sveigja) is probable.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swey",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "sweyen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "swey"
      },
      "expansion": "sweyen (third-person singular simple present sweyeth, present participle sweyende, sweyynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle sweyed)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "swey",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To rush, charge, or flow; to quickly move forwards."
      ],
      "id": "en-sweyen-enm-verb-2hAmU-Oz",
      "links": [
        [
          "rush",
          "rush"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ],
        [
          "flow",
          "flow"
        ],
        [
          "quickly",
          "quickly"
        ],
        [
          "move",
          "move"
        ],
        [
          "forward",
          "forward"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To fall, sink, or drop; to move down."
      ],
      "id": "en-sweyen-enm-verb-eklwEPmg",
      "links": [
        [
          "fall",
          "fall"
        ],
        [
          "sink",
          "sink"
        ],
        [
          "drop",
          "drop"
        ],
        [
          "move",
          "move"
        ],
        [
          "down",
          "down"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 32 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 31 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 18 49 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 16 50 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Gaits",
          "orig": "enm:Gaits",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To sway or twist; to move in curves or back and forth."
      ],
      "id": "en-sweyen-enm-verb-r15n6ilA",
      "links": [
        [
          "sway",
          "sway"
        ],
        [
          "twist",
          "twist"
        ],
        [
          "move",
          "move"
        ],
        [
          "curve",
          "curve"
        ],
        [
          "back",
          "back"
        ],
        [
          "forth",
          "forth"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To sway or twist; to move in curves or back and forth."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswæi̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/swɛi̯/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/swɛ̞ː/",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sweyen"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "to sound"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "swēgan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to crash, roar",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "swēgan",
        "t": "to crash, roar"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*swōgijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swōgijan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*swōgijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”), from Proto-West Germanic *swōgijan, from Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweiȝen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "sweyen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "swey"
      },
      "expansion": "sweyen (third-person singular simple present sweyeth, present participle sweyende, sweyynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle sweyed)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "swey",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Sound",
          "orig": "enm:Sound",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To sound; to make a loud sound."
      ],
      "id": "en-sweyen-enm-verb-hOocCKEG",
      "links": [
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "loud",
          "loud"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswei̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswiːən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/swei̯/",
      "note": "earlier"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sweː/",
      "note": "later",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sweyen"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Gaits",
    "enm:Sound"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "sway"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swey"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swee"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swye"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "suey"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swey"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swee"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swye"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "swey"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swey"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swee"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "swye"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "sweye"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "zwae"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "to move"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "sveigja",
        "nocap": "1",
        "t": "to bend"
      },
      "expansion": "borrowed from Old Norse sveigja (“to bend”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*swaigijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swaigijaną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "²",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "swēgan",
        "t": "to crash, roar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*swōgijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "*swǣġan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English *swǣġan",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Traditionally seen as borrowed from Old Norse sveigja (“to bend”), from Proto-Germanic *swaigijaną; the Gersum Project instead proposes a derivation from Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”), from Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną (see Etymology 2).\nHowever, modern Scots and Northern English dialectal forms apparently require a form with Old English /æːj/; therefore, derivation from an Old English *swǣġan (a native cognate to sveigja) is probable.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swey",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "sweyen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "swey"
      },
      "expansion": "sweyen (third-person singular simple present sweyeth, present participle sweyende, sweyynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle sweyed)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "swey",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To rush, charge, or flow; to quickly move forwards."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rush",
          "rush"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ],
        [
          "flow",
          "flow"
        ],
        [
          "quickly",
          "quickly"
        ],
        [
          "move",
          "move"
        ],
        [
          "forward",
          "forward"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To fall, sink, or drop; to move down."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fall",
          "fall"
        ],
        [
          "sink",
          "sink"
        ],
        [
          "drop",
          "drop"
        ],
        [
          "move",
          "move"
        ],
        [
          "down",
          "down"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To sway or twist; to move in curves or back and forth."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sway",
          "sway"
        ],
        [
          "twist",
          "twist"
        ],
        [
          "move",
          "move"
        ],
        [
          "curve",
          "curve"
        ],
        [
          "back",
          "back"
        ],
        [
          "forth",
          "forth"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To sway or twist; to move in curves or back and forth."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswæi̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/swɛi̯/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/swɛ̞ː/",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sweyen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Gaits",
    "enm:Sound"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "to sound"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "swēgan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to crash, roar",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "swēgan",
        "t": "to crash, roar"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*swōgijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swōgijan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*swōgijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English swēgan (“to crash, roar”), from Proto-West Germanic *swōgijan, from Proto-Germanic *swōgijaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweyed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweiȝen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "sweyen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "swey"
      },
      "expansion": "sweyen (third-person singular simple present sweyeth, present participle sweyende, sweyynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle sweyed)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "swey",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To sound; to make a loud sound."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "loud",
          "loud"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswei̯ən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswiːən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/swei̯/",
      "note": "earlier"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sweː/",
      "note": "later",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sweyen"
}

Download raw JSONL data for sweyen meaning in Middle English (12.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.